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Giovanni Ignazio Dioguardi, also known as "John Dioguardi" and "Johnny Dio" (April 29, 1914 – January 12, 1979), was an Italian-American organized crime figure and a labor racketeer. He is known for being involved in the acid attack which led to the blinding of newspaper columnist Victor Riesel,〔Frankel, Max. "Johnny Dio and 4 Others Held As Masterminds in Riesel Attack." ''New York Times.'' August 29, 1956.〕 and for his role in creating fake labor union locals to help Jimmy Hoffa become General President of the Teamsters.〔Sloane, Arthur A. ''Hoffa.'' Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1991. ISBN 0-262-19309-4〕 ==Childhood and early criminal career== John Dioguardi was born on April 29, 1914, on the Lower East Side of New York City and brought up on Forsyth Street in Little Italy.〔 He had two brothers, Thomas and Frankie.〔Lupsha, Peter A. "Individual Choice, Material Culture, and Organized Crime." ''Criminology.'' 19:1 (March 2006).〕〔Casillo, Robert. ''Gangster Priest: The Italian American Cinema of Martin Scorsese.'' Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2006. ISBN 0-8020-9403-1〕〔("Stupefying Sam." ''Time.'' December 31, 1965 ); Kennedy, Robert F. ''The Enemy Within: The McClellan Committee's Crusade Against Jimmy Hoffa and Corrupt Labor Unions.'' Revised and reissued. Boston: Da Capo Press, 1994. ISBN 0-306-80590-1; Scott, Peter Dale. ''Deep Politics and the Death of JFK.'' Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press, 1996. ISBN 0-520-20519-7; "Dio Given Two-Year Term For Mortgage Kickback." ''New York Times.'' April 28, 1971.〕 His father, Giovanni B. Dioguardi, was murdered in August 1930 in what police called a mob-related execution.〔"Murder in Brooklyn Is Laid to Gangsters." ''New York Times.'' August 5, 1930.〕 Dioguardi's uncle, Giacomo "Jimmy Doyle" Plumeri, was a member of the gang run by Albert Marinelli〔Marinelli was the county clerk of New York County and an important leader in the Tammany Hall Democratic Party political machine. See: Block, Alan A. ''East Side, West Side: Organizing Crime in New York, 1930-1950.'' New York: Transaction Publishers, 1983. ISBN 0-87855-931-0; Walker, Stanley. ''Dewey - An American of This Century.'' Cookhill, Alcester, Warwickshire, England: Read Country Books, 2007. ISBN 1-4067-6264-4.〕 and his patron, Charles "Lucky" Luciano, head of the rapidly forming Genovese crime family.〔Fried, Albert. ''The Rise and Fall of the Jewish Gangster in America.'' New York: Columbia University Press, 1993. ISBN 0-231-09683-6; Nash, Robert Jay. ''World Encyclopedia of Organized Crime.'' Boston: Da Capo Press, 1993. ISBN 0-306-80535-9.〕 Dioguardi was introduced to organized crime at the age of 15 by his uncle.〔〔"Dewey to Tell How Thugs Went Scot-Free For Years." ''New York Times.'' October 8, 1937.〕 At the time, labor racketeering in the garment district was controlled by Luciano and Tommaso "Tommy" Gagliano, head of the Lucchese crime family. Plumeri, John Dioguardi, and brother Tommy were working for both gangs.〔〔Fitch, Robert. ''Solidarity for Sale: How Corruption Destroyed the Labor Movement and Undermined America's Promise.'' New York: PublicAffairs, 2006. ISBN 1-891620-72-X〕 He also associated with hitmen and labor racketeers Louis "Lepke" Buchalter and Jacob "Gurrah" Shapiro.〔"No Ordinary Hoodlum." ''New York Times.'' August 30, 1956.〕 With Plumeri and another gangster, Dominick Didato, Dioguardi established and ran a protection racket in New York City's garment district.〔〔 He was arrested several times between 1926 and 1937, but never brought to trial.〔〔"Trucking Racket Brings 3 Arrests." ''New York Times.'' May 11, 1933; "Stench Bomber Gets Jail Term." ''New York Times.'' June 18, 1935.〕 For a time in 1934, Dioguardi was executive secretary of the Allied Truckmen's Mutual Association, an employer association, and represented the employers during a strike by 1,150 Teamsters in September 1934.〔"1,150 Truck Drivers Go Out On Strike Here." ''New York Times.'' September 2, 1934.〕 In March 1937, Dioguardi was arrested on charges of extortion, conspiracy, and racketeering, He pled guilty and received a three-year prison term in Sing Sing.〔"2 Seized in Drive on Truck Racket." ''New York Times.'' March 20, 1937; "Truck Racket Case of 1933 Is Revived." ''New York Times.'' March 24, 1937; "Cloak Executive Seized in Racket." ''New York Times.'' April 17, 1937; "2 Reindicted in Racket." ''New York Times.'' May 5, 1937; "Two Go On Trial In Truck Racket." ''New York Times.'' June 3, 1937; "$500 A Month Paid to Protect Trucks." ''New York Times.'' June 9, 1937; "Truck Racketeers Admit All Charges." ''New York Times.'' June 11, 1937; "2 Sentenced in Truck Case." ''New York Times.'' July 29, 1937.〕 After his release from prison, Dioguardi moved to Allentown, Pennsylvania, where he established a dress manufacturing plant.〔〔 He later sold the plant (taking a $11,200 bribe to ensure that it remained non-union before he sold it),〔"Tax Evasion Laid to Union Official." ''New York Times.'' April 28, 1953.〕 and set up a dress wholesaler operation in New York City.〔 Dioguardi also dabbled in stock investing, real estate, and trucking.〔 Dioguardi later returned to New York to live again on Forsyth Street. He married the former Anne Chrostek, and had two sons (Philip and Dominick), and a daughter (Rosemary), who died.〔〔Kwitny, Jonathan. "Steinman." In ''Shaking the Foundations: 200 Years of Investigative Journalism in America.'' Bruce Shapiro, ed. New York: Nation Books, 2003. ISBN 1-56025-433-5〕 Philip ("Fat Philly") later was a soldier in the Colombo crime family.〔(U.S. Attorney Southern District of New York. "Two Sons of Late Mafia Boss, Joseph Colombo, Sr., and 29 Others Indicted on Federal Racketeering Charges." Press release. March 30, 2004. )〕 Dominick became a soldier in the Lucchese family.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Johnny Dio」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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